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Halley's returns to the inner Solar System have been observed and recorded by astronomers since at least 240 BC. Clear records of the comet's appearances were made by Chinese, Babylonian, and medieval European chroniclers, but were not recognized as reappearances of the same object at the time. The comet's periodicity was first determined in 1705 by English astronomer Edmond Halley, ...
Halley's [HAL-lee] Comet has been know since at least 240 BC and possibly since 1059 BC. Its most famous appearance was in 1066 AD when it was seen right before the Battle of Hastings. It was named after Edmund Halley, who calculated its orbit. He determined that the comets seen in 1531 and 1607 were the same object that followed ...
When the Giotto spacecraft visited Halley on its last visit in 1986, it found that the gases ejected from the nucleus were 80% water vapor, 10% carbon monoxide and 2.5% methane and ammonia with traces of hydrocarbons, iron and sodium. The dust ejected from the comet was comprised mostly of particles the size of cigarette smoke although the spacecraft Giotto ...
Another appearance of the comet in 1301 possibly inspired Italian painter Giotto's rendering of the Star of Bethlehem in "The Adoration of the Magi," according to the Britannica encyclopedia. ...
Of the present-day astronomers who have tried backtracking Halley’s Comet, the most successful have been Donald Yeomans, who used NASA’s computers at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California, and Tao Kiang, a Chinese astronomer based at Dunsink Observatory in Ireland. In their research, published in 1981, Yeomans and Kiang calculated that the Comet made an exceptionally close approach to the ...
Ultimately, it was Newton's friend, editor and publisher, Edmond Halley, who, in his 1705 Synopsis of the Astronomy of Comets, used Newton's new laws to calculate the gravitational effects of Jupiter and Saturn on cometary orbits. This calculation enabled him, after examining historical records, to determine that the orbital elements of a second comet that had appeared in 1682 were ...
Earlier passages of Halley’s Comet were later calculated and checked against historical records of comet sightings. Some have speculated that a comet observed in Greece between 467 and 466 bce may have been Halley. However, the generally accepted date for its earliest recorded appearance, which was witnessed by Chinese astronomers, was in 240 bce. Halley’s closest approach to Earth took ...
In 1066, the comet was seen in England and thought to be an omen: later that year Harold II of England died at the Battle of Hastings; it was a bad omen for Harold, but a good omen for the man who defeated him, William the Conqueror. The comet is represented on the Bayeux Tapestry as a fiery star, and ...
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